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Friday, July 17, 2026

Acts 23:12-22 The Plan to Kill Paul

The Plan to Kill Paul
Acts 23:12-22

Intro Questions

Text Graphic
  • God is ... What do we learn about God in this passage?
  • We are ... What do we learn about people in this passage?

  • I will ... What has the Holy Spirit revealed to us in this passage? How can I apply it to my life this week?

  • You can ... Who do you know who needs to hear this? Feel free to share with others by social media links at the bottom of this.










These are some of the frivolous lawsuits filed by convicted prisoners across the United States (which are subsidized by taxpayers).

~ A death-row inmate sues corrections officials for taking away his Gameboy electronic game. (Donald Edward Beaty v. Bury)

~ Inmate, calling himself a sports fanatic, complains that, as a result of cruel and unusual punishment, he was forced to miss the NFL playoffs -- especially the "classic games" between Miami and San Diego, San Diego and Pittsburgh, and Dallas and San Francisco. (Arkansas)

~ Inmate complains because his meal allegedly was in poor condition. He claims his sandwich was soggy and his cookie was broken. (Brittaker v. Rowland)

~ Inmate who murdered five people sues after lightning knocks out the prison's TV satellite dish and he must watch network programs, which he says contain violence, profanity, and other objectionable material. (Jackson v. Barton)

~ Inmate sues to be served fruit juice at meals and three pancakes instead of two. (Spradley v. Rathman)

~ Inmate sues to be given Reeboks, Adidas, Pony, or Avia hightops rather than the inferior brand sneakers issued by the prison. (Brown v. Singletary)

~ Inmate sues for not receiving his scheduled parole hearing, though he was out on escape when the hearing was to be held. (Young v. Murphy)

~ Inmate claims discrimination because he was not given a Department of Corrections raincoat like other inmates. (Walker v. DOC)

~ Inmate sues to be served fresh rather than reconstituted milk. (Gerteisen v. Bowers)

~ Inmate sues for right to conduct martial arts sparring and full-contact fighting as part of his religion. (Gibson v. Miller)

~ Inmate sues because he was required to eat off of a paper plate. (Procup v. Strickland, et al)

~ Inmate -- who has filed more than 140 actions in state and federal court -- sues over finding gristle in his turkey leg. (Attwood v. Bowers)

We get quite a different picture of a prisoner in the New Testament by the name of Paul.  While he wasn't afraid to demand his rights (Acts 22:25; 25:11), neither was Paul one to whine and complain and mope while in prison (and he hadn't even committed a crime!).  Listen to this positive statement which comes from Paul's pen as he sat in chains:

"Now I want you to know, brothers, that what has happened to me has really served to advance the gospel.  As a result, it has become clear throughout the whole palace guard and to everyone else that I am in chains for Christ. Because of my chains, most of the brothers in the Lord have been encouraged to speak the word of God more courageously and fearlessly..... And because of this I rejoice.  Yes, and I will continue to rejoice." (Philippians 1:12-14, 18b).

This passage is an encouragement to me in those times when it seems that life is treating me unfairly.  If Paul could maintain such a positive spirit and joy in the midst of such difficulty, surely I can do the same. There is much to be thankful for!

Have a great day!

Alan Smith
White House Church of Christ
White House, Tennessee  37188




Thursday, January 1, 2026

Links to my other blogs

I continue to work on and add to each one of these to keep them active and up to date. Constantly adding my old material and adding fresh content.

Title: Click on the title below to go to blog Brief description of each blog
Off-The-Church-Walls Humor blog
Real Life Quotes Growing Quote collection.
Real Life Enrichment Practical information for everyday life.
Parable Inspiring devotional illustrations
Preacher Points Place for sermon outlines and resources
Kevin Rayner's Ministry to God @ The Edmond Church of Christ Many current resources currently being used at the Edmond Church of Christ
Edmond Oklahoma SAM's Information for helping Seniors
Rayner Resources Hub for my information online
Magnify Jesus A look at the Christ's life and teachings
Christ's Church Reflecting on the followers of Christ
Real Life Conversion How lives are changed by Christ
Oaks of Righteousness Where to focus on becoming more fully devoted followers of Christ
"Overtime Church" More challenging thoughts for the disciple that is most serious about Jesus. Theology for the night owl, weekend worker, or Bible student who wants to learn more.
Kevin's Komment Online commentary and resources to better understand scripture.
Real Life Servant Maker For the Christian growing with a Christ-like servant attitude toward others.
Becoming Great Neighbors Encouragement to love and serve your neighbor
Edmond Church of ChristHospitality Helping each Christian become more hospitable.

Friday, September 5, 2025

Life of Paul - Paul's First Letter to Timothy

Life of Paul - Paul's First Letter to Timothy



BETWEEN THE FIRST AND SECOND ROMAN CAPTIVITIES

Possible Date: 63

Scripture: 1 Timothy

NOTE: Paul authored this "Pastoral" book in Nicopolis right after the apostle was released from a prison in Rome. This is the first book of the two.

#Paul
#Apostle Paul
#Timothy


Introduction to the Pastoral Letters of Paul




NIV Study Bible Intro: 1 Timothy


Bible Project Overview of Timothy
https://bibleproject.com/explore/video/1-timothy/


BETWEEN THE FIRST AND SECOND ROMAN CAPTIVITIES
Note: It appears that Paul may have been released from house arrest in Rome and permitted to be free for a while, perhaps up to two or three years.

It is impossible to outline his travels for the next five years as precisely as Luke did in Acts. It must be remembered the order of Paul’s travels was not given in the Bible.  Reading from the three epistles (1 & 2 Timothy and Titus), Paul’s travels went something like this.  Immediately after his release, Paul sent Timothy to Philippi with the news of his release (Philippians 2:19-23).  Paul went to Crete where he left Titus (Titus 1:5) and then he went to Ephesus, up to Colossae and back to Ephesus (Philemon 22).  Paul was joined by Timothy at Ephesus.  He departed from Ephesus leaving Timothy there (1 Timothy 1:3-4).  Paul went to Macedonia (Philippians 2:24; 1 Timothy 1:3).  

From Macedonia, he wrote 1 Timothy and Titus. During this time, Paul wrote what is commonly called the "Pastoral" letters, epistles, and books. Thomas Aquinas in A.D. 1274 used the term Pastoral Rule to describe them.  However, it was Paul Anton in A.D. 1726 who gave them the name The Pastoral Epistles in a famous lecture he gave on these epistles.  This name is a misnomer.  These epistles were written to individuals to help them in their service of Christ.  While they do contain some information for elders (pastors/shepherds/overseers), they are primarily written to & for preachers.

Paul requested Titus to meet him at Nicopolis (Titus 3:12).  Then Paul journeyed to Spain (Romans 15:24 and some ancient writers).  Paul returned from Spain and went to Asia Minor where he left Trophimus sick at Miletus, south of Ephesus (II Timothy 4:20).  At Troas, he visited Carpus and left his cloak (2 Timothy 4:13).  He went through Corinth on his way to Rome.  Paul left Erastus in Corinth (2 Timothy 4:20).  He was arrested on his way to Rome or in Rome.  This Roman imprisonment was severe and brief.  He wrote 2 Timothy shortly before he was beheaded on the Ostian Way which is located about three miles outside of the capital.  It is not known if Timothy and Mark arrived before his death or not.

Paul may have gone to Spain immediately after his release from prison, or he may not have gone to Spain at all.  However, he mentioned these places in his epistle and they do not fit into the chronology of Acts; therefore, it is reasonable to assume he visited them. However, one must not be dogmatic about the order.

First and Second Timothy along with Titus are usually thought of as different from the rest of Paul's epistles.  The most obvious difference is that they along with Philemon were written to individuals rather than to a church or group of churches. 

The first letter from the Apostle Paul to his coworker Timothy. He led by preaching and ministering to the church at Ephesus. Again, the letter is considered one of the Pastoral Letters, along with 2 Timothy and Titus. Although Paul’s authorship is disputed by a few, here the scriptures have Paul as the author.

His Friends in Christ
Most of those whose names are given in this list were Paul’s traveling companions between the first and second captivities. Timothy went with him to Ephesus (1 Timothy 1:3), Titus to Crete (Titus 1:5), Erastus to Corinth (2 Timothy 4:20), Trophimus to Miletus (2 Timothy 4:20), Carpus was with him at Troas (2 Tim. 4:13), and Onesiphorus ministered to him in Ephesus (2 Timothy 1:18). The only names in this list which appear in that of Paul’s companions during the first captivity are Timothy and Tychicus. Zenas is mentioned only here in Titus 3:13; he was “probably a Jewish scribe or jurist,” says Alford, “who had been converted and to whom the name of his former occupation still adhered, as in the case of Matthew the publican.” Some think he was one of the “seventy” disciples. On Apollos Titus 3:13, “Set forward Zenas the lawyer and Apollos on their journey diligently, that nothing be wanting unto them.” We have no information about this journey of Zenas and Apollos to Crete, or whither they were going when Paul exhorted Titus to set them forward. To Priscilla (Prisca) and Aquila Paul sent greetings in 2 Timothy 4:19, which was written during the last imprisonment. His salutation shows that they were not with him then, but as their names were fresh in his mind we may suppose that he had seen them in his travels before his final captivity. When last heard of, they were at Rome (Romans 16:3). From 2 Timothy 4:19. where they are mentioned with Onesiphorus, who was probably an Ephesian (2 Timothy 1:17–18), Alford thinks that Aquila and Priscilla were now again in Ephesus. This couple at various times lived at Corinth (Acts 18:2), Ephesus (Acts 18:26; 1 Corinth 16:19), and Rome (Romans 16:3).
The other names on the list are Titus, Trophimus, Onesiphorus, Carpus, Artemas, and Erastus. Demas and Crescens properly belong to the time of Paul’s last imprisonment.

PURPOSE OF WRITING
The occasion for writing I Timothy was as follows.  Paul had recently left Timothy in Ephesus.  He wrote giving him instructions about how to work with the church.  He wanted to encourage Timothy to continue in sound doctrine and work with the problems of the church.  He reminded him of items concerning public worship.

THEME
Timothy is encouraged to teach the truth and combat false teaching.


Brief Outline of 1 Timothy

Greetings (1:1-2)
Instructions on dealing with false teaching (1:3-11)
Encouragement for faithful ministry (1:12-20)
Instructions on proper Christian conduct (2:1-3-16)
Instructions for Timothy (4:1-6:21)

More Detail Outline
  • 1:1–2—Greeting
  • 1:3–11—Reason for writing
    • 1:3–4—Background
    • 1:5—The goal of teaching
    • 1:6–7—Some teach ignorantly
    • 1:8–11—The proper use of the law
  • 1:12–17—Paul’s personal example
  • 1:18–20—Paul’s reminder to Timothy
  • 2:1–7—Building faith and Godliness
    • 2:1–2—Paul urges prayer
    • 2:3–7—The rationale for requiring prayer
  • 2:8–3:16—Teachings on the fellowship
    • 2:8–15—Women in the fellowship
    • 3:1–7—Elders in the fellowship
    • 3:8–13—Deacons in the fellowship
    • 3:14–16—The fellowship and God
  • 4:1–5—False teachings to combat
    • 4:1–3—False requirements
    • 4:4–5—Freedom from false requirements
  • 4:6–10—Combat training
    • 4:6—Preach freedom
    • 4:7—Reject speculation and myth
    • 4:8–10—Train in Godliness
  • 4:11–16—Battle plan
    • 4:11–13—Lead with authority and by example
    • 4:14–16—Exercise your gifts publicly with purpose
  • 5:1–6:2—Further teachings on the fellowship
    • 5:1–2—Relations within the fellowship
    • 5:3–16—Widows in the fellowship
      • 5:3—Honor authentic widows
      • 5:4–8—Families should care for widows
      • 5:9–10—Determining authentic widows
      • 5:11–16—Recommendations for younger widows
    • 5:17–25—Relations with the elders of the fellowship
    • 5:17–19—Honor responsible elders
    • 5:20–23—Dealing with irresponsible elders
    • 5:23—Parenthetical personal note to Timothy
    • 5:24–25—Conclusion on dealing with elders
    • 6:1–2—Slaves in the fellowship
  • 6:3–16—False and true teachers
    • 6:3–10—False teachers strive for worldly gain
      • 6:3–6—Characteristics of false teachers
      • 6:7–10—True riches and contentment
    • 6:11–16—True teachers strive for God
      • 6:11–12—Characteristics of true teachers
      • 6:13–16—Exhortation to proper teaching
    • 6:17–19—Wealthy believers in the fellowship
    • 6:20–21a—Final words for Timothy
    • 6:21b—Benediction







Wednesday, February 11, 2026

Life of Paul - First Missionary Trip =

First Missionary Trip


Possible Date: 46-49

Scripture

NOTE

#Paul
#Apostle Paul
#Mission Trip

An Epic Journey to Cyprus | Bible Backroads


The Mission to the World

Now please turn with me a couple chapters to the right and Acts 13. We'll take a look at Barnabas and Saul's next mission. It was a much larger a, much longer, much more important world-changing mission. Calling this the mission to the world. We're going to actually pick up at Acts 12:25—13:3. Barnabas and Saul Sent Off

25 When Barnabas and Saul had finished their mission, they returned from[a] Jerusalem, taking with them John, also called Mark. 13 Now in the church at Antioch there were prophets and teachers: Barnabas, Simeon called Niger, Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen (who had been brought up with Herod the tetrarch) and Saul. While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, “Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.” So after they had fasted and prayed, they placed their hands on them and sent them off.

Luke, the writer of the Book of Acts, takes a one Chapter detour in Acts 12 and focuses during most of that chapter on the Apostle Peter. But once it gets to that final verse of Acts 12, the remaining chapters focus on Paul and his ministry. There's a shift that takes place from a Jerusalem-based mission field to an Antioch-based mission field. The launching pad changes as we saw last time from Jerusalem to Antioch. After Barnabas and Saul finished their mission of charity and Judea, they returned to their home church in Antioch. But they brought someone with them, they brought with them a young man named John Mark. We read in Colossians 4:10 he is Barnabas's cousin. Barnabas, as he's down there in Jerusalem, picks up his younger cousin and talks him into coming back with him and Saul to join him in the church in Antioch. And he'll start that next missionary journey with Paul and Barnabas.

The Antioch Dream Team

  • ·         Barnabas (a Jew from Cyprus)
  • ·         Simeon called Niger (most likely from Africa)
  • ·         Lucius (from northern Africa)
  • ·         Manaen (upper class/part Edomite)
  • ·         Saul (a Jew from Tarsus)

Notice what it says in verse one of Acts 13. There Luke lists for us the names of the leaders in the Antioch Church. And let's take a quick look at these five leaders that are called out here in Acts 13:1. We've made a list here for you and put it on the screen.

1.       Barnabas -- We know him pretty well. By now, remember, his given name was Joseph, but he was nicknamed by the Christians in Jerusalem. Barnabas, which means son of Encourager. This guy was “super encouraging.” He's probably the most encouraging guy you could ever meet. Everywhere he went, he was encouraging Christians and it says in the book of Acts that he was a Jew from the Island of Cyprus.

2.       Simeon, called Niger -- Niger translates to black. So, he was Simon, the black leading us to believe that in all likelihood. He was from. Africa, most likely northern Africa. Now remember what we talked about last time. The church in Antioch was revolutionary. It was the first church that shared the good news with everyone, even with Greeks who had never stepped foot inside a church or synagogue. They had involved themselves with prostitution and drinking every weekend, and all sorts of Pagan revelry. In Acts 11 men from Cyrene and Cypress Christian men had come to Antioch and they were the ones who initiated the spreading of the gospel to these Pagan Greeks in the city of Antioch. When we were given this list of leaders and told that man Simeon called, my best guess is he was from northern Africa.

3.       Lucius -- he was from Northern Africa because it says he was Lucius from Cyrene.

4.       Manaen. We're told that he was brought up with Herod the Tetrarch, also known as Herod Antipus in the New Testament. That was Herod the Great. He ruled there in Galilee and some extending areas around Galilee. Since he grew up with Herod the Tetrarch, with Herod Antipus, there's a good chance that he was royalty. He was in the royal family, it's safe to assume that Manaen was an upper-class Christian. Then, if he was in fact part of Herod’s family, we know that here the great was part Edom from the descendants of Esau. He was probably part Edomite and part Jewish. A similar mix to a Samaritan, just a couple different racial mixes.

5.       Saul of Tarsus --he was a Jew from Tarsus who of course Jesus spoke to on the road to Damascus and had called to be an apostle to the Gentiles.

Is this not a diverse group of leaders? 2 true-blue Jews in the mix, Barnabas and Saul, the bookends. Barnabas way, up from the island of Cyprus. And Saul, up there in modern-day Turkey from Tarsus. True blue Jews from Cyprus and Tarsus. Simeon and Lucius, most likely were African most likely black men black Christians. And then you have Mannion, who was most likely upper class, probably a mixture of Jew and Edomite. They had this wonderful diverse racial mix. I don't even like to use the word racial because we're all one race but emphasize the idea of diversity. A wonderful ethnic mix and some geographical diversity, and probably some language variants. going on. Likely individuals here from three different continents. Ones from Africa, Asia, and Europe all together serving the Lord. Pretty interesting, I think at least 2 continents, but possibly 3.

What an amazing thing this was that God pulled together this diverse group of leaders. But what was most remarkable about this leadership team wasn't their diversity, but their giftedness. That's what was most remarkable. Every one of these 5 guys had either the spiritual gift of prophecy of teaching, or both. I love how Chuck Swindoll says that he writes. “Antioch Community Church was the place to be. Not only did they have incredible spiritual growth, the staff was the century-one Dream Team. Barnabas, Simeon, Lucius Manaen and Saul how's that for your starting lineup? Five choice prophets, preachers and teachers par excellence, each was called, gifted, devoted, and set apart for the Lord's work. That's exactly what the growing new church needed the right leaders to lay a strong foundation. How wonderful it was.”

Working together, these five leaders were having the time of their lives. The Revival is sweeping through Antioch, and they have a front-row seat for all of it. The church is growing, lives are being transformed, and darkness is being pushed out of the city. you would think that at some point the Antioch Christians were pulling each other aside as they were coming out of a worship service, and they were saying to each other. This feels like heaven on earth. I never want it to end. But change was coming. Much sooner than many would have wanted, change was coming.

The church at Antioch was about to lose 2/5 of its leadership team. Acts 13:2 “While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting. The Holy Spirit said set apart for me, Barnabas and soul, for the work to which I have called them. “

Evidently, at some point in the past, God had relayed to Barnabas and Saul that their ministry in Antioch was temporary. It wasn't a final destination for them. It was a launching pad. Although Saul had already been leading Gentiles to Christ and discipling them in their new Christian faith, God's plan for Saul stretched past the borders of Antioch. Picture the church leaders worshiping God and fasting. The Holy Spirit speaks to them. We're not told how the Holy Spirit spoke to them, maybe he spoke through one of the prophets like he had done through Agabus a couple chapters earlier. Maybe God gave them a vision. Maybe God just impressed it on several of their hearts, were not told for sure. One thing is for sure, it was the Holy Spirit that was speaking and there was no doubt.

In Acts 13:3, the church leaders, and presumably the rest of the church with them. And they do what any church family should do when they believe God is leading them to make a change. God is leading them to do something new and different. They did what we should have done. They began to fast and pray even more. Notice that fasting is mentioned twice in these few verses. It's mentioned in both verses 2 & 3. Each time it's mentioned -- fasting is not mentioned by itself. In verse 2, the church lead by its leaders was fasting and worshiping. In verse 3, the churches came together. They were fasting and praying. I really think that Bible scholar John Stott says, “For seldom if ever is fasting an end in itself. It is a negative action (abstention from food and other distractions) for the sake of a positive one (worshiping or praying)”

In Scripture, God's followers fast and pray, they fast and worship, they fast and repent. But they don't just fast for fasting sake. Fasting is a powerful spiritual discipline that involves temporarily denying our flesh. But as we deny our flesh, we must feed our spirit. Never forget that when you think about fasting, it's denying the flesh so that you can feed the spirit.

The Antioch leadership team leads their church in a season of fasting and prayer. There seemed to have been 2 purposes for this.

  1. Fasting and prayer confirms God's calling on Barnabas and Saul
  2. Fasting and prayer prepares Barnabas and Saul for their mission.

There were two purposes after fasting and praying that the church family does what was probably one of the hardest things they had ever done. It was exciting, but it must have been heart-wrenching. They had to let go of two of their top leaders on their leadership team, allowing them to go out on the mission field and bless others. Without delay, without any grumbling or complaining, they placed their hands on them and sent them off. It probably didn't make complete sense to the Antioch Christians. After all, this church was doing so well under Saul and Barnabas's leadership. It's not like they were messing up. It's not like their effectiveness had waned and people were saying, “You know what, I think your time has come. You need to go somewhere else. You know, we need some fresh leadership in there.” The church was at its pinnacle of effectiveness, yet at the pinnacle of its effectiveness, God pulled them out and called them to go elsewhere to another mission.

Most likely Barnabas and Saul had talked about where they were going (amongst themselves), but I think it's safe to say that the Holy Spirit didn't give them a detailed road map of where they were heading. It reminds me of Abraham. God, you said “go.” And Abraham went not even knowing where exactly God was sending him. God just said pretty much go that way. Abraham obeyed. God did much the same thing with Paul and Barnabas go that way, and they obeyed. Not knowing exactly how many cities they would go to or how long they'd be gone.

It was a big change that had come to both Paul and Barnabas, and to that church at Antioch. And I'm so thankful. That the Antioch church was smart enough, and most importantly, obedient enough to receive God's command and walk in obedience. No matter how hard that change was. 

Two Life lessons.

Life Lesson #1

Let's be willing to release gifted men and women without RELUCTANCE. And when you are called by God to go to a place you would never have expected to go, there's no need to be AFRAID of change. Change brings adventure and adventure stretches your faith. All that spells GROWTH. Faith and RISK go hand in hand. -- Chuck Swindoll

God does call Christians to go into all the world, and when he does, I need to be OK with that. Like Job, we need to say the Lord gives and the Lord takes away. Blessed be the name of the Lord. We must rejoice if people are taking the gospel to other places. And at whatever point. God calls you or me to go, we need not be afraid. God knows what he's doing. If God says go do what the church at Antioch did fast and pray with other Christians to confirm God's calling. And once you've prayed and confirmed God's will do what he says, go walk by faith, even when it's risky. Because faith and risk go hand in hand.

Life Lesson #2

The Spirit of Christ is the spirit of missions, and the nearer we get to Him, the more intensely missionary we must become. -- Henry Martyn (missionary)

That was very well said and very thought-provoking. In the days ahead, God will call some of us to go. In the days ahead, I would guess, God will call most of us to stay. Regardless of whether God calls you to go or to stay, there's something wrong. If we are not using our location as a mission field. If you are growing in your faith and deepening in your relationship with Christ, but you're not impacting more people around you for Christ, there is something wrong. God has called you to be a missionary, wherever He has you. God has called you to be a missionary as a disciple maker where you are, and if he calls you to go somewhere else, he calls you to be a missionary there as well.

Remember what we read back a few chapters in the book of Acts. Acts 4:12, early in the life of the Christ’s Church there in Jerusalem, Peter and John were arrested because they were in the temple courts proclaiming Jesus Christ, and they just wouldn't shut up. The Jewish ruling Council, the Sanhedrin, they have them arrested and they start waving their fingers in John and Peter's faces and saying shut up about this Jesus, I don't want you to speak his name anymore. And I remember what Peter boldly said in Acts 4:12, he said salvation is found in no one else, for there was no other name under heaven given to men by which we must be saved, and the Sanhedrin is blown away because this guy had been a fisherman all of his adult life, and he was boldly proclaiming the truth about Jesus in front of this Council of 70 and in Acts 4:13 we read of the Sanhedrin’s reaction. It says this when they saw the courage of Peter and John and realized that they were unschooled, ordinary men. They were astonished and they took note that these men had been with Jesus. Friends as you grow in your faith and you deepen in your relationship with Christ, those who are around you should sense that there is something extraordinary about you. Those around you should take note that you have been with Jesus.

Pray: Heavenly Father, you are an awesome God. We thank You for the powerful life-giving word that You've given us. Thank you, Lord Jesus, for coming to Earth and inspiring Peter and John to boldly stand for you and inspiring Paul and Barnabas to boldly stand and speak for you. Please give us the courage and give us Lord the effectiveness in doing your missionary work right here where you have us for the glory of God. In Jesus' name. Amen.

God has called us to be generous Christians, and God has called us to be obedient Christians that share His word with those around us. Let's take our mission field more seriously now than we have in a long time. Let's invite our friends and family and allow them to hear the gospel and experience life change in Jesus' name.

God bless you as you serve and love and trust our Lord this week.

===========

A helpful book for my studies of Paul has been Chuck Swindoll's great book called Paul, a Man of Grace and Grit. As I was reading through it, I came across a missionary that Chuck Swindoll was talking about a missionary. I'd never heard of his name, James Gilmore. He was born in the mid part of the 19th century -- born in 1843. He was a Scottish-born Christian. At a young age, he felt God's call upon his life to go on to the mission field. His mom was very mission-minded. She carved out an hour of time every night to teach her kids about the word of God. At a young age, Matthew 28:19-20 was impressed on his mind and heart, where Jesus before he went to heaven gave this Great Commission to his followers. He shared how he wants us to go into all the world and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and Son and Holy Spirit. Teaching them to obey everything I've commanded you. 

This young boy, James Gilmore, took that to heart and he concluded that he could not be obedient to God's call on his life if he were to stay at home. He believed he must go overseas. At a young age, he concluded, “To me, the soul of an Indian seems as precious as the soul of an Englishman. The gospel is as much for the Chinese as for the Europeans. So after graduating from college, he was thrilled to be accepted into the London Missionary Society and go to seminary to prepare to be an overseas missionary. at the age of 26, his dream came true. He was sent to Beijing, China. 

Within a few months, he was given the opportunity to be a pioneer missionary up north in the area of Mongolia, at that time was just north of China. He went to Mongolia and off and on for the next 21 years, he served as a missionary there in Mongolia. 

Well, after arriving in Mongolia, Gilmore wrote these words in his journal. He said several huts insight, when shall I be able to speak to the people, O Lord? Suggest by the spirit how I should come among them, and in preparing myself to teach the life and the love of Christ Jesus. You could just hear the excitement as he wrote in his journal. He was so excited to lead these people to Jesus Christ. 

Well, Fast forward about four years. During that time, he learned the Mongolian language. He built relationships. He preached the gospel to all who would listen. And what do you think happened in those next four years? Thousands of Mongolians came to Christ. Perhaps he planted not one or two, but maybe four or five churches. Perhaps a great revival broke out in Mongolia? Not exactly! 

Here's what he wrote four years later in his diary. “In the shape of converts I have seen no results. I have not, as far as I am aware, seen anyone who even wanted to become a Christian.” And that just kind of makes your heart drop, doesn't it? Four years, pouring his blood, sweat, and tears into his Mongolian mission. And he didn't even get a glimpse of anyone drawing any closer to Jesus Christ. 

Around the same time, Gilmore married his wife, Emily. She was a great partner in ministry, but she died of some strange disease before they reached their 11th anniversary. Just a few years later, Gilmore himself died of typhus fever, just a few weeks shy of his 48th birthday. The world looks at James Gilmore's life and they say what? He was an abject failure in his mission to Mongolia. But God looks at James Gilmore's life, and says “Well done good and faithful servant.” 

We would like to think that good ministry is as easy as a walk in the park and always leads to thousands of lives being transformed by the power of the gospel. But the truth is more times than not, Christians who pour their blood, sweat, and tears into their God-given ministries find it to be a very, very bumpy road. And oftentimes the results aren't nearly as monumental or glamorous as we had imagined. 

Even the great apostle. Paul discovered this to be true. So if you're serious about doing great ministry, carrying out God's purpose for your life, and bringing heaven to your corner of the world, you'd better buckle in and brace yourself because it's going to be, in all likelihood, a pretty bumpy ride. 

Earlier we looked at the five key leaders who led that church in Antioch of Syria. Two of those five leaders were none other than Barnabas and Saul. The leadership was fasting and worshiping God. One day the Holy Spirit set apart Barnabas and Saul, for the work to which I will call. And after gathering the church together for a season of fasting and prayer, they laid hands on Barnabas and Saul. Then they sent them off for the mission. The Antioch Church was losing 2/5 of its leadership team. But as heart-wrenching as that must have been for the church members, they accepted it because it was God's will. 

Acts 13:4-12  4 The two of them, sent on their way by the Holy Spirit, went down to Seleucia and sailed from there to Cyprus. 5 When they arrived at Salamis, they proclaimed the word of God in the Jewish synagogues. John was with them as their helper.

6 They traveled through the whole island until they came to Paphos. There they met a Jewish sorcerer and false prophet named Bar-Jesus, 7 who was an attendant of the proconsul, Sergius Paulus. The proconsul, an intelligent man, sent for Barnabas and Saul because he wanted to hear the word of God. 8 But Elymas the sorcerer (for that is what his name means) opposed them and tried to turn the proconsul from the faith. 9 Then Saul, who was also called Paul, filled with the Holy Spirit, looked straight at Elymas and said, 10 “You are a child of the devil and an enemy of everything that is right! You are full of all kinds of deceit and trickery. Will you never stop perverting the right ways of the Lord? 11 Now the hand of the Lord is against you. You are going to be blind for a time, not even able to see the light of the sun.”

Immediately mist and darkness came over him, and he groped about, seeking someone to lead him by the hand. 12 When the proconsul saw what had happened, he believed, for he was amazed at the teaching about the Lord.

Well, having been chosen and set apart by the Holy Spirit. Barnabas and Saul set out on the adventure of a lifetime to spread the Gospel of Jesus Christ throughout Northwest Asia. These guys had been set apart by God. They knew that God had told them to do it, and they must have been thrilled beyond being able to put it into words. Their first step was going to go to Barnabas's hometown. Or if not his hometown, at least his home nation, the Island of Cyprus. That was going to be the first stop on their mission trip. Barnabas and Saul began their journey by traveling most likely on foot, just a few miles West to the nearest port city of Seleucia. Luke tells us there in Acts 13:4. There they could board a cargo ship headed for Cypress, so they boarded a ship and took the 130-mile boat ride to the east side of the Island of Cyprus. 

Luke tells us in Acts 13:5  that John was with him as their helper. Now this was John Mark, remember? He was Barnabas's cousin. Barnabas and Saul had gone to take some financial relief to those Christians in and around Jerusalem. And when they were down there giving that financial relief to the Christians and the churches down there, Barnabas ran into his nephew or his cousin Mark and brought him back to Antioch with him. Evidently, they had had a conversation with John Mark and convinced him to join them as their helper on this first missionary journey. Luke doesn't tell us what kind of helper Mark was. Some think that maybe he also preached and taught the word of God. The word that's used is pretty broad. My best guess is he was more likely to carry the luggage and cook the meals kind of helper. He most likely wasn't preaching, he was just a young man, pretty new to his faith. But he was a big help for them in the early weeks of their missionary journey. 

Barnabas and Saul's ship came into port at Salamis. If you look at this map of Cypress, you can see Salamis is over on the East Coast. So they were coming from the mainland over just north of Israel. They took that boat ride over to Salamis. Salamis was a very important city in those days. Cypress was an island famous for its copper mines and its shipbuilding industry, and Salamis was the commercial Center for the whole island. But particularly the east side of that island. Something interesting that I learned about Cypress. The Greeks, nicknamed the Island of Cyprus, MACARIA translation “the happy island”. Isn't that sweet? Now, why would they have nicknamed Cyprus the Happy Island? Well, for starters, it had gorgeous views on its coastline. The Greeks believed that the Island of Cyprus was one of the most perfect places on earth to live. It also had every resource that any man would ever need to be happy. And it had some of the most perfect weather in all the Mediterranean. They called it the happy Island because you could live there for the rest of your life. 

Well, once in a while we hear someone moving, hear someone moving to Hawaii to do ministry. And when that happens, sometimes we find ourselves saying, well, it's a tough job, but someone has to do it right. Doing ministry and in paradise well, it's tough, but you know what someone's got to do it. That's maybe what people thought of Paul and Barnabas going to Cyprus. You know what? If you're going to start a missionary journey, you might as well start in Paradise, right? You might as well start on Fantasy Island. You might as well start on the Happy Island. 

They went to Salamis and Luke gives us in Acts 13:5, just the briefest of summaries of what they did in the city of Salamis. He simply writes, they proclaimed the word of God in the Jewish synagogues and that's it. “Synagogues” is plural, so we know there was more than one where Paul and Barnabas had ministered. They evidently went into these synagogues and they preached the word of God. They shared the gospel, and we would assume, like in the other cities, where these two missionaries went, that people turned to Christ. They turned from Judaism to Christianity. We would think that Saul and Barnabas planted a church there in that city, but we're not told that. All we know is they preached there in the synagogues. It seems that after they left there, they traveled through the whole island, speaking the word of God along the way, and eventually, according to Acts 13:6, they get to the West side of the island of the city of Paphos. So look at a map again. Paphos is over on the South side of the islands. They went from Salamis 90 miles West to Paphos. Along the way, they most likely preached the gospel through the island. 

They get to Paphos and (Luke the writer of Acts) focuses on one person who converts to Christianity. He focuses on a man named Sergius Paulus. He was the Proconsul of Paphos (In other words, he was the governor of that region) where Paphos was the capital city. Paphos, you see, was not just the capital city of that region. It was actually the capital of the Island. Saul must have thought it was strategic to share the word of God, to share the gospel.

Acts 13:7 Sergius Paulus is described as an intelligent man who sent for Barnabas and Saul because he wanted to hear the word of God. Acts 13:12, Sergius Paulus believes the good news of Jesus Christ. He becomes a Christian, but not before his chief adviser has something to say about it. His chief adviser is a Jewish sorcerer named Bar-jesus. Kind of a weird name. Now you remember when we talked first about Barnabas, that prefix bar in Greek means “son of”, so Barnabas means “son of encouragement”. Bar-Jonah translates to son of Jonah. So bar Jesus translates as son of Jesus. Now what does Jesus mean? Remember Jesus's name in Hebrew is Joshua. Sometimes we pronounce it “Yeshua” the name Joshua, Yeshua, or Jesus literally means the Lord Yahweh save. And so catch this. This Jewish sorcerer is named son of the Lord who saves. He is also called Elymas, which means, the “skillful one” or the “wise man”. So imagine the audacity of this guy, strutting around like a peacock. Someone asks him, what's your name? My name is the “son of salvation”. But you know my friends, those that know me well, they just call me the “wise one”. They call me the Super intelligent, the skillful one. So you can do that too. This guy probably had an ego that didn't quit. Both names are very egotistical at first, possibly even being downright slanderous or blasphemous. Well, he was called out as a Jewish sorcerer, but we know all sorcery is satanic in origin, so he's practicing satanic sorcery. Bar-jesus was not interested in hearing Saul's sermons, was he? It's clear from what Luke tells us, he was not interested in hearing his sermons, and he knew that Saul’s preaching could negatively impact his own job security because his personal advisor to the Proconsul. To him, he's a consultant to him and so he knows if his boss converts to Christianity and Christianity clearly stands strong against any form of satanic sorcery, then he will likely be out of a job. He thinks he has a vested interest in getting Saul and Barnabas to shut up and go away. He comes against them fiercely. He speaks out against the gospel, he speaks out against Saul and Barnabas. In all likelihood, he's speaking out against Jesus himself. Notice Acts 13:9-11. 9 Then Saul, who was also called Paul, filled with the Holy Spirit, looked straight at Elymas and said, 10 “You are a child of the devil and an enemy of everything that is right! You are full of all kinds of deceit and trickery. Will you never stop perverting the right ways of the Lord? 11 Now the hand of the Lord is against you. You are going to be blind for a time, not even able to see the light of the sun.”Immediately mist and darkness came over him, and he groped about, seeking someone to lead him by the hand.

Now there are a few important details that I don't want you to miss. This is the first time Luke mentioned Saul's Greek name, Paul. He says Saul, who was also called Paul. Once he says that, from this point forward, Paul will never be called Saul again in the Book of Acts. As he's beginning his first missionary journey to reach not only Jews but Gentiles with the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Saul starts going by his Greek name Paul, and he doesn't go back. 

Don't want you to miss the similarity between what, Bar-Jesus did in verse 6 and what Saul of Tarsus had done 12 years earlier. On the road to Damascus what Jesus said to him when he came to him in blinding light. He said, Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me? Saul had violently opposed Christians and had tried to turn them from their faith and tried to convince them to blaspheme Jesus. Isn't that exactly what Bar-Jesus is doing in Acts chapter 13? And that is the punishment that Saul got the initial punishment. He was blind and couldn't see for three days. Bar-Jesus, Elymas receives the same punishment. He goes blind because of his blasphemy because he was cursing God's followers and trying to dissuade people from accepting Christ. It's pretty remarkable and miraculous. All that to say this. Whether someone is a devout Jew or a pagan sorcerer, when he or she claims to represent God but OPPOSES Jesus Christ and Christ-followers, he or she is acting like a “CHILD of the devil” and needs to be told so, either by Jesus Christ directly or by one of his followers, Barnabas and Saul did some good ministry on that Happy Island. But it didn't come easily, did it? They had to deal with a fair amount of pushback seems to have made a big impact on both Paul and John Mark. By the time they leave that Island of Cyprus, my guess is there were at least dozens of followers of Jesus Christ, and hopefully, a new few new churches that have been planted in these strategic cities that Luke mentioned, one strategic city on the West Coast, one on the East Coast, we don't know for sure. Luke tells us so very little about that ministry to Cyprus. But one thing that we can know for sure as we get to these next several verses is that ministry on Cyprus took a toll. Once again, it took a toll, particularly on Paul and on John Mark. 

Look with me at Acts 13:13-14 From Paphos, Paul and his companions sailed to Perga in Pamphylia, where John left them to return to Jerusalem. From Perga they went on to Pisidian Antioch. On the Sabbath they entered the synagogue and sat down.

I just want us to focus briefly on those two verses. After finishing their missionary endeavors on the island of Cyprus, which was Barnabas's home Island, they went to the mainland in Asia Minor, which was more of Saul’s or Paul's home turf. Those 3 missionaries, Paul and Barnabas, and John Mark, all arrive on the mainland there in Asia Minor in this mainland city of Perga in Pamphylia. Now on a map, let me explain quickly what happened during this journey so far they left Antioch in Syria. Remember to Salamis on the East Coast of Cyprus. They went all the way across the island of Paphos, on the West Coast of Cyprus, and then traveled some 200 miles northwest to the mainland. There in that city of Perga, now Perga was somewhere between 8 to 11 miles inland, depending on which port they landed at when they hit the mainland. Then they go to the city of Perga. Notice what it says happens there in Perga. Paul for the first time is listed first. Up until this point, it's always been Barnabas and Saul. Even a few verses earlier, God had said set apart for me Barnabas and Saul, for the work to which I will call them now. For the first time, not only is Saul called Paul, but now he's listed first. In this particular verse, 13, Barnabas isn't even mentioned by name. He's just one of Paul's companions. There is this big shift that takes place as Paul hits the mainland. It's not that Paul has a tag along with Barnabas as the leader. Now Barnabas takes a secondary position to Paul, who from this point forward will run point for their missionary team. Like John the Baptist and John Chapter 3, Barnabas seems to say he must become greater and I must become less. He must increase and I must decrease. This is a pivotal moment in Paul's ministry. 

It seems clear that it wasn't a moment that John Mark cared for at all. And evidently, he has had enough. Luke doesn't really give us the details of what happened. But he makes it clear in verse 13 that John Mark left them to return to Jerusalem. Their little missionary team of three suddenly becomes a missionary team of two. John Mark hightails it out of there he goes back home to Jerusalem. Over the years, Christians have speculated about why John Mark left Barnabas and Paul. There are all sorts of reasons that different Christians have suggested. Some have said, well, he was a young man, he was new in his faith, he just got homesick. He missed his mommy. So he went back to Jerusalem because we know John Mark's mom, she opened up her house to hold Christian services for a lot of the Christians there in Jerusalem. So he was close to his mom. Others say, possibly he just thought that he was getting a little too hot in the kitchen. It's something that he couldn't handle. It was getting too difficult. It's not what he had signed up for, it was getting way too hard. Well, that's a possibility as well. Maybe it was getting too difficult for him. His cousin Barnabas had convinced him to go and he had these pie-in-the-sky ideas of how glorious it would be to go to Cypress his cousin’s homeland and lead thousands of people to Christ and have all these people just adore them and thank them for coming. And they get showered with praise and thanks. These weeks, if not several months into this missionary journey, and he's thinking it's hard. It's really, really hard. I think this is most likely why he did leave. I do believe that for John Mark, it just was getting too hot in the kitchen. 

I want to tell you what they did after they left the city of Perga. So they get to the mainland, they go a few miles inland to the city of Perga and then we know their next stop is Pisidian Antioch up in the region of Galatia. In the letter to the Galatians, Paul writes later in the New Testament that includes the city and Antioch. We know there are two likely routes that Paul and Barnabas took when they went up to Pisidian Antioch. The normal route would be maybe 175 miles. And it was an important route. In those days, it was considered a paved road by Rome. Now, of course, they didn't have asphalt, but it was paved in the sense of being a somewhat smooth dirt and gravel road. It was a tough road. on foot. If you didn't have an animal pulling your cart or pulling you because there was a 3500-foot elevation gain to go over the mountains to get over the city and range to Pisidian Antioch. This was not an easy path. Also, it was considered one of the most dangerous roads in the Roman Empire. There were bandits all over the place, and if you were on foot and didn't have a big caravan with you, you'd be a sitting duck for robbers and bandits. Some think they took the more direct route due north which was following the River Valley there, but they still had to hoof it over 3500. But cliffs and when they did that, there wasn't a paved road. Either. way, John Mark may have looked at the road ahead and said, you know what, that's just nuts. I didn't sign up for this. It's too. Hard. It's too hard. 

Notice what Paul wrote several years later to the churches in Galatia. In Galatians 4:13, Paul wrote. As you know, it was because of an illness that I first preached the gospel to you there in Galatia. That's a very telling verse. He doesn't give us any more details, but it's clear the Galatians understood exactly what he was talking about. So we've tried to speculate and guess by putting the pieces together what was going on before Paul and Barnabas went to Galatia. Well, either on the island of Cyprus or on his 200-mile voyage to Perga in Pamphylia, Paul evidently had contracted a life-threatening illness of some sort. Many believe it was malaria. By the time he gets to the mainland, he's suffering from malaria. Or some other terrible illness. And he learned that sometimes an illness like this fares better at a higher elevation. So, it seems that Paul and Barnabas changed their initial plans, which probably was to stay close to the coast. It seems they changed their plans and headed 100 or so miles inland to Pisidian Antioch. Killing two birds with one stone. For starters, it would get Paul at a higher elevation where you could breathe easier and hopefully get over this illness, whatever it was. But more importantly, it would allow them to spread the gospel into territories where the gospel had never been taken up to that point. That's what Paul and Barnabas decided to do. 

They make this decision to head north and John Mark must have protested. He thought it was insane. I imagine him saying something like this. Paul, you need to call it off. You need to stop this. You got to cut it off right now. This is crazy. You need to go back home. You need to rest. You're going to kill yourself. And I'm not going to be a part of it. If you're not leaving with me, I'm leaving by myself. You guys are nuts. I want nothing to do with it. I wash my hands of all that you're doing and he turns and he goes home. 

lt took him many years to get back into Paul's good graces, but I'm so thankful that we read later in the New Testament. By the time Paul was nearing the end of his life, he considered John Mark to be one of his most faithful, most helpful workers with him. John Mark, matured a lot in the years that followed. He went on to write the second book of the New Testament, the Gospel according to Mark. He went on to be one of Paul's greatest helpers, but at this point in time it was getting too hot in the kitchen for young John Mark. 

Well, Paul and Barnabas would soon prove time and time again that as hard as ministry gets, if God was in it, it was worth every bit of blood, sweat, and tears that they poured into it.

Two Life Lessons

I want to share with you two life lessons that I believe we can pull from this study today. Both of these are very important. 

Life Lesson #1

Our culture desperately needs to hear you and me speak and live out God's WORD with BOLDNESS and CONVICTION. 

I don't want you to miss how Paul preached in Acts 13. He preached with power and conviction, did he not? Absolutely he did. It didn't matter if he was preaching to Jews in a synagogue on Happy Island, or if he was confronting a Jewish pig and sorcerer, it didn't matter where he was, to whom he was speaking. And he preached and spoke the word of God with power, with boldness, and with conviction. In our day there are far too few Christians who do that. Truth be told in America these days, there are far too few preachers who do that. 

Life lesson, #2. 

Good life-changing ministry is rarely EASY. Most often, it's really, really HARD. 

Chuck Swindoll I think says it so well, he writes. Authentic ministry is not for the fainthearted. Or the phony. There's no promise of a life of ease and fame and kid-glove treatment. Most ministers of the gospel enjoy 30 to 40 sometimes 50-year run. Before it ends in little more than a cake and punch reception to honor their lifetime achievements, no fanfare, no glamorous award galas along the way to spur weary servants on to greater works. Truth be told, it is mostly a mixture of dreams mixed with reality, joy and heartache. I agree. Believe me when I say doing good ministry is an absolute thrill. Make no mistake about it. It is a joy and a thrill to do good ministry. It is awesome to see people come and get saved. It's wonderful when a number of people. Decide to believe and be baptized on the same day. And I love to see the water from the baptistry pouring down the steps like a waterfall. That's an amazing sight to see. It's awesome when you see broken marriages restored by the power of the gospel. It's awesome to see people turn from some of the most wicked ways and wicked sins and turn and repent and be baptized into Jesus Christ. It's powerful to see new Christians, baby Christians mature in their faith. Develop in their character following Christ. It's a beautiful, powerful thing. But at the same time, make no mistake about it, doing good ministry is fun, but it's exhausting. It's a it's a blast.

 

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IN ANTIOCH IN PISIDIA

  • Paul’s sermon (Acts 13:14-41)

    • Paul probably encountered dangers while traveling from Perga to Antioch in Pisidia. During this time the apostle may have endured many of those “perils of rivers” and “perils of robbers” which he mentions in 2 Corinthians 11:26

    • Here is gives a good sermon to persuade them to follow Jesus. The other addresses of Paul mentioned in the Acts are as follows:

      • (1) 14:14–18, at Lystra;

      • (2) 17:22–31, at Mars’ Hill;

      • (3) 20:17–35, at Miletus to the Ephesian elders;

      • (4) 21:40–22:21, on the castle stairs in Jerusalem;

      • (5) 22:30–23:9, before the Sanhedrin in Jerusalem;

      • (6) 24:10–21, reply to Tertullus in Cæsarea;

      • (7) 24:25, before Felix and Drusilla;

      • (8) 25:10, 11 before Festus;

      • (9) 26:1–29, before Agrippa;

      • (10) 27:21–26, on the ship during the voyage to Rome;

      • (11) 28:17–20, at the first meeting with the Jews in Rome;

      • (12) 28:25–28, at the second meeting with the Jews in Rome.

  • Paul And Barnabas Are Rejected By The Jews And Turn To The Gentiles (Acts 13:42-49)

  • The Departure From Antioch Because Of Persecution (Acts 13:50)

IN ICONIUM. PAUL AND BARNABAS ARE PERSECUTED AND FLEE TO LYSTRA

  • Acts 13:51-14:6

IN LYSTRA

  • Paul Heals A Lame Man. The People Deify Paul And Barnabas Acts 14:6-13

  • Paul’s Speech Acts 14:14-18

  • Paul Stoned Acts 14:19-20 (2 Corinthians 11:24-25)

TO DERBE, LYSTRA, ICONIUM, ANTIOCH IN PISIDIA, AND “THROUGHOUT PISIDIA,” TO PERGA

  • Acts 14:20-25

PAUL’S COMMENT IN 2 TIMOTHY ON HIS FIRST MISSIONARY JOURNEYS

  • 2 Timothy 3:10-11 You, however, know all about my teaching, my way of life, my purpose, faith, patience, love, endurance, 11 persecutions, sufferings—what kinds of things happened to me in Antioch, Iconium and Lystra, the persecutions I endured. Yet the Lord rescued me from all of them.

PAUL AND BARNABAS ABIDE A “LONG TIME” (TWO YEARS) IN ANTIOCH, 48–49 A. D

  • Acts 14:25-28

============

Note: JOHN MARK (Acts 13:4–5, 13) 

  • Acts 12:12, 25; 15:36–39 
  • Colossians 4:10 
  • 2 Timothy 4:11 
  • Philemon 1:23–24 
  • 1 Peter 5:13 

John Mark, the writer of the earliest Gospel (the Gospel of Mark), was an assistant of three early missionaries—Barnabas, Paul, and Peter. 

Mark was taken along as an assistant by Barnabas and Paul on their first missionary journey. However, for unknown reasons, he left them to return to Jerusalem before the trip was completed (12:25; 13:4–5, 13). Because of this, when Barnabas wanted to take him along on the second trip, Paul flatly refused. The sharp disagreement that resulted broke the team apart: Barnabas took Mark (his cousin) with him, and Paul chose Silas, and the two pairs went their separate ways (15:36–41). 

Later, it appears that Paul and Mark were reconciled and that Mark once again served as his assistant. In Colossians, Paul refers to him as a co-worker and suggests that he may soon be sending him to visit the church in Colosse (Col 4:10; Phlm 1:24). Still later, when Paul was awaiting execution in prison in Rome, he asked Timothy to bring Mark with him, for he thought Mark would be helpful to him in his ministry (2 Tim 4:11). 

Mark also appears to have assisted Peter when Peter was engaged in missionary work in Italy near the end of his life; early Christian tradition speaks of him as Peter’s “interpreter.” In one of Peter’s letters, he speaks endearingly of Mark as his “son” who is with him (1 Pet 5:13). Early tradition says it was from Peter himself that Mark got the information for his account of the life and words of Jesus. Generally considered to be the earliest of all the Gospels, Mark’s Gospel was almost certainly one of the key sources used by Matthew and Luke when they later wrote their own Gospels. For this reason, Mark’s Gospel is one of the most influential of all the early Christian writings. 

Mark’s story reminds us that God can overcome human failings and restore rocky relationships for the sake of Christ and the Good News. Early failures do not disqualify a person from a life of effective service and even lasting significance.


New Living Translation Study Bible (Ac 13:4–13). (2008). Tyndale House Publishers, Inc.

Tuesday, March 10, 2026

Acts 16:16-40 Paul and Silas Are Thrown Into Prison

Paul and Silas Are Thrown Into Prison
Acts 16:16-40

What is the worst punishment you remember receiving as a kid?
What do you do to lift your spirits when you're "down in the dumps"?
What type of music lifts your spirits? What music reminds you of the good ol' days"?

#God #People #Time #Place #Obedient faith #Sin #Key Idea
Acts 16:16-40

Paul and Silas in Prison
16As we were going to the place of prayer, we were met by a slave girl who had a spirit of divination and brought her owners much gain by fortune-telling. 17She followed Paul and us, crying out, “These men are servants of the Most High God, who proclaim to you the way of salvation.” 18And this she kept doing for many days. Paul, having become greatly annoyed, turned and said to the spirit, “I command you in the name of Jesus Christ to come out of her.” And it came out that very hour.
19But when her owners saw that their hope of gain was gone, they seized Paul and Silas and dragged them into the marketplace before the rulers. 20And when they had brought them to the magistrates, they said, “These men are Jews, and they are disturbing our city. 21They advocate customs that are not lawful for us as Romans to accept or practice.” 22The crowd joined in attacking them, and the magistrates tore the garments off them and gave orders to beat them with rods. 23And when they had inflicted many blows upon them, they threw them into prison, ordering the jailer to keep them safely. 24Having received this order, he put them into the inner prison and fastened their feet in the stocks.
The Philippian Jailer Converted
25About midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns to God, and the prisoners were listening to them, 26and suddenly there was a great earthquake, so that the foundations of the prison were shaken. And immediately all the doors were opened, and everyone’s bonds were unfastened. 27When the jailer woke and saw that the prison doors were open, he drew his sword and was about to kill himself, supposing that the prisoners had escaped. 28But Paul cried with a loud voice, “Do not harm yourself, for we are all here.” 29And the jailere called for lights and rushed in, and trembling with fear he fell down before Paul and Silas. 30Then he brought them out and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved? 31And they said, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.” 32And they spoke the word of the Lord to him and to all who were in his house. 33And he took them the same hour of the night and washed their wounds; and he was baptized at once, he and all his family. 34Then he brought them up into his house and set food before them. And he rejoiced along with his entire household that he had believed in God.

35But when it was day, the magistrates sent the police, saying, “Let those men go.” 36And the jailer reported these words to Paul, saying, “The magistrates have sent to let you go. Therefore come out now and go in peace.” 37But Paul said to them, “They have beaten us publicly, uncondemned, men who are Roman citizens, and have thrown us into prison; and do they now throw us out secretly? No! Let them come themselves and take us out.” 38The police reported these words to the magistrates, and they were afraid when they heard that they were Roman citizens. 39So they came and apologized to them. And they took them out and asked them to leave the city. 40So they went out of the prison and visited Lydia. And when they had seen the brothers, they encouraged them and departed.

Note: These events take place in the city of Philippi, a Roman colony, during the apostle Paul's second missionary trip. In spite of terrible circumstances, Paul and Silas continue to pray and give God praise.

  • God is ... What do we learn about God in this passage?
  • We are ... What do we learn about people in this passage?
  • How do you think a shouting slave girl affected the apostles' mood? Their goals? 
  • How would you have felt if someone kept following and shouting, "These men are servants of the Most High God, who are telling you the way to be saved"?
  • Retell verses 17-21 from the perspective of the owners of the girl: What do you feel about her? About your money? About these missionaries? 
  • Since there was no synagogue in Philippi according to Acts 16:13, and since the Gentile missionaries (Luke and Timothy) were not seized, how could racism be a factor in the actions described in Acts 16:19-24? What might be meant by the charge against them? 
  • In light of what happened, how do you think Paul and Silas felt in Acts 16:25? If you were falsely accused, severely beaten and thrown into a dark jail, would you still trust in God's plan (Acts 16:23-30)? Why or why not? 
  • What does the response of Paul and Silas show about them? If you were the jailer, what would you think of Paul and Silas singing? Remaining? 
  • What kind of man was the jailer before his salvation? In what ways does the jailer express his new faith in Jesus? 
  • In his new-found faith, the jailer was filled with joy. How much joy did you have when you first committed your life to Christ? How much joy do you have now?
  • Given the charge against them in Acts 16:20-21, why would Paul insist on his rights as a Roman citizen?
  • I will ... What has the Holy Spirit revealed to us in this passage? How can I apply it to my life this week?
  • What does this event say to you about dealing with hard times? How hard is it for you to pray and be thankful in the midst of a chaotic or difficult experience?
  • The girl's owners rejected the Gospel because it cost them financially. What financial concerns keep some people from faith today? Are any of these a factor for you? 
  • About 12 years later, Paul wrote the letter to the Philippians from another prison. How could the events here be the basis for what Paul said in Philippians 4:4–7,12-13? What can you learn from his example about knowing peace and joy, even in hard times? 
  • If asked, "What must I do to be saved?" how would you answer? 
  • Who is on the top of your prayer list to come to faith in Christ? How does this story and the jailer's joy of seeing his whole family come to the Lord encourage you?
  • How can we join you in prayer?
  • You can ... Who do you know who needs to hear this? Feel free to share with others by social media links at the bottom of this.















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ROMAN PRISONS

By Mark Moore


I.             General Facts
1.           Three Divisions of a Roman Prison
a.          Communiora = Low Security
b.          Ulteriora = Maximum Security (Paul and Silas, Acts 16:23–24)
c.          Tullianum = Dungeon—the place of execution (Perhaps Paul's final Roman imprisonment, 2 Tim 4:9–12).
2.           Punishment
a.          Whipping and prison may be part of the interrogation but not part of punishment.
b.          The equivalent of prison was exile.
c.          Various kinds of punishment:
i.         Financial: fines, sold into slavery (an indentured servant). 
ii.       Cast Out: condemned to work in the mines for life, exile. 
iii.         Beatings: rods, flogged (which preceded most capital punishment).
                         iv.     Execution: Condemned to fight in the gladiatorial arena, beheaded, crucified.

II.           Imprisonments in Acts

ACTS
IMPRISONED BY
CITY
PRISON

4–5

Sanhedrin

Jerusalem

Gazith

12

Herod

Jerusalem

Praetorium

16

Magistrates (praetors)

Philippi

City Jail
 22–23

Roman Commander

Jerusalem

Tower of Antonia

28:16, 30

Festus/Paul's Appeal to Caesar

Rome

House Arrest


Bibliography:

Conybeare & Howsen, St. Paul, I.304.
Eusebius, Ecc. Hist., 5.1.27; Pass. Perp., 3.5–6; & Martyr Pionii, 11.
Hastings, J. A Dictionary of the Bible, Vol. 1:525.

Meeks, W. (Ed.) The NT in its Social Environment. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1986. 

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Things That Make You Go Hmmm (Acts 16:25–40)

By Mark Scott & Mark Moore

There are a lot of peculiar things taking place in this story that simply defy any naturalistic explanation. Either Luke made up a whale of a fish-story or God's hand really does manipulate human events.

1.            Singing in jail (v. 16)—You expect to hear many sounds in a prison, clanging bars, angry shouts, footsteps of guards falling heavy on concrete, but the melodious praise of God just doesn't seem to fit.
2.            "Captive" audience (v. 25)—These inmates can't help but hear the Psalms of these preachers reverberate off the cold stone walls. This was undoubtedly a breath of fresh air in an otherwise dank and dark place.
3.            "Timing" of the earthquake (v.26)—It is likely that Paul and Silas are laying face down in these stocks trying to raise their praise to God by bouncing these songs off the ground. How strange, indeed, that the tremor strikes precisely during the third verse of How Great Thou Art. It is almost as if God is joining in the refrain.
4.            A sleeping jailer (v. 27)—The Code of Justinian declared that Roman guards who failed to keep their prisoners were to receive the prisoner's sentence in themselves. That was enough incentive to keep most awake at their posts. Perhaps Paul and Silas' Psalms were lullabies that put this rough-and-tumble jailer to sleep. Or maybe he trusted in the tempered steel doors. Or could it be that God caused the slumber? Nevertheless, the earthquake shook him awake. Naturally, seeing the open doors and loosed chains, he would take the honorable way out, at least for a Roman, and kill himself, sparing the magistrates this painful duty.
5.            No prisoner escaped (v. 28)—Now we go from odd to downright weird. These men with sentences on their heads and open doors before them sat spell-bound. It is almost as if they felt the hand of God on their shoulders staying their escape.
6.            Trembling before Paul and Silas (v. 29)—Suddenly the prisoners become judges.
7.            What must I do to be saved? (v. 30)—This is a strange questions since he had just been saved from certain death by his own hand and/or that of his commanding officer. He realizes that there is a fate worse than death and that these two men whom he and his ilk had beaten and chained were representatives of the living God! Talk about being on the wrong side of the fence!
8.            Release from prison (v. 30)—Paul and Silas are treated as honored guests at this man's home in the middle of the night. For a pair of Jewish prisoners, that was certainly unprecedented.
9.            Back in prison (v. 35)—How ironic that the preachers who set this man free must now be bound by him again! How that must have hurt his heart.

10.        Refused to be released (v. 37)—When most of us would scamper off, considering ourselves lucky with the narrow escape from injustice, Paul refuses to allow God's name to be slandered by leaving without a public apology. He is convinced that God orchestrated these events not the magnates of Philippi. 



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Household Baptisms in Acts Did  They Include Infants?

 
Text:

Household of:

Activity:

10:44–48
Cornelius
Speaking in tongues
16:14,15
Lydia
—————————
16:30–33
Philippian Jailer
Belief in Jesus  A response to the spoken word

1 Corinthians
1:16; 16:15
Stephanas
Devoted themselves to ministry

In the previous section Lyda and her household were baptized. When she gave heed to what Paul said, she obeyed his charge to be baptized for the remission of her sins. Not only was she baptized, but all her household.

Some have sought to use this as proof of infant baptism. There is no infant baptism in this verse. She heard and obeyed which implies she believed and was baptized. Her household did the same thing. There is no mention of any infants in the household, and to assert that there were would be to add to the word of God. There are four households mentioned in the New Testament as being baptized (Cornelius - Acts 10:46; 15:9; the Philippian jailer - Acts 16:34; and Stephanas - I Corinthians 1:16; 16:15). It is clear in all four cases that no infants were included. There is no record of any infant baptism in the first century. Since it is clear that only those who were accountable people were baptized after they believed, repented, and confessed, it is logical to assume that infants were not baptized because they were not proper subjects. Infant baptism came in the apostasy after the doctrine of total hereditary depravity was accepted by many in the fifth century. Believing that infants were born in sin, they began the practice of baptizing infants believing that one could only be saved by baptism for remission of sins. Their understanding of the purpose of baptism was correct; however, baptizing infants was wrong as it was based upon the erroneous doctrine of original sin (total hereditary depravity).

History shows that the first mention of infant baptism was by Irenaeus around A.D. 185. Tertullian spoke of infant baptism in A.D. 200, but discouraged it. It did not become common until around the sixth century A.D. after the doctrine of original sin had been accepted by many. The reason for this was stated in the previous paragraph.

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Free Press for the Gospel?
Acts 16:17–18
Mark Scott

1.            As the gospel spreads to Europe, Satan tries to stop its growth. Already Lydia has been converted (16:15) and others seem to be following her example (16:16). Satan uses an abused girl (at least others were making profit by her) to hinder the progress of the gospel.

2.            The slave girl (paidisken) had a "python spirit" by which she predicted the future:

a.             In Greek mythology this referred to the snake that guarded the Delphic Oracle and was slain by Apollo.
b.            Later the word came to refer to any spirit of divination.
c.             Finally, it was used by Plutarch to refer to a ventriloquist.

Probably some O.T. concept is intended by Luke. The O.T. condemns fortunetelling, soothsaying, familiar spirits, etc., and that's most likely the meaning here.

3.            The problem with this text comes in vs. 17–18. What is so wrong with what she says in vs. 17? And, why does Paul put up with such antagonism when he evidently could have exorcised this spirit earlier than he did?

4.            I have little to offer as a reason for the latter question. Maybe Paul delayed his exorcism so as to frame up a more dramatic power encounter. Perhaps he worked patiently (after all he was more sad than mad) hoping the girl would be converted by natural means. We should note that Luke never actually tells if she was converted. We might assume so, but Luke hastens to the arrest and imprisonment of Paul and Silas and the dramatic conversion of the jailer.

5.            But what's the problem with vs. 17? Isn't what she says true? Why not get a little free press for the gospel? Maybe deep down in her heart she wants to believe. Let me suggest four reasons as to why Paul is threatened by what she says:

a.             Wrong Content: The text literally says, "These men are servants of the Most High God, who are telling you 'a' way to be saved." We have to be careful how much we press the presence or absence of the definite article.  But, is she syncretistic in looking at Christianity as one of the many ways to be saved.
b.            Wrong Tone: We can't critique this because we were not there. Perhaps she said it sarcastically in such a way as to make light of the content of the preaching.

c.             Wrong Source: Maybe Paul does what he does because he doesn't want any free press for the enemy. Like Jesus, the best thing Paul could do with a demon is to hush it immediately. Having Satan say good things about the missionaries would be like the
Democratic Party asking Rush Limbaugh to be their key-note speaker at their
convention. "Perhaps the ulterior motive was to discredit the gospel by associating it in the people's minds with the occult" (Stott, 264).

d.            Wrong Audience: Would a Gentile crowd understand the significance of "Most High God?" They may have written off this terminology as nonsense. Maybe it opened the possibility of too much misunderstanding given their polytheistic background.

Regardless of our understanding we do know that Paul released her from her oppression, and that the owners and the authorities were upset. The fallen nature of man is indicated in not rejoicing when others are helped.  

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Freedom (Jailor) - Acts 16:22-34

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